The guard points out that he has not been riding, as his horse consists purely of the sound of two coconuts being clicked together, and a discussion of where the coconuts could have been obtained follows. During this discussion, King Arthur suggests that they could have been brought to England via a migrating swallow, and the castle guards continue to discuss the probability of this suggestion at length, becoming more and more technical in their debate.
King Arthur becomes annoyed and rides away. Later in the film, Arthur is trying to bypass a troll who asks him "What is the airspeed velocity of an unladen swallow? African or European swallow?
The quote has long been an inside joke for fans of Monty Python and also those interested in computing. It's possible to find discussions on Usenet dating back to at least where the quote, along with Arthur's response, are quoted both in Monty Python-specific contexts and elsewhere.
In , a writer named Jonathan Corum created a site devoted to answering the question scientifically, with the use of "alternate graphic presentations for kinematic ratios in winged flight. Although a definitive answer would of course require further measurements, published species-wide averages of wing length and body mass, initial Strouhal estimates based on those averages and cross-species comparisons, the Lund wind tunnel study of birds flying at a range of speeds, and revised Strouhal numbers based on that study all lead me to estimate that the average cruising airspeed velocity of an unladen European Swallow is roughly 11 meters per second, or 24 miles an hour.
Several systems have the question, or answers to the question, as in-jokes. Upon being asked, Siri has responded "Assuming a spherical swallow in a vacuum… ah… forget it," [4] but also responds in other ways in more modern versions of iOS. Wolfram Alpha uses Corum's answer, rounded up to roughly 25 miles per hour.
Not available at this time. Please reference Monty Python and the Holy Grail search topic instead. Show Comments. Earlier this month, a young lad on TikTok tried to say Nebraska was just as cool as New York and California, shaking up the very fabric of the platform.
If we ignore body mass and look only at bird species with a similar wingspan, we can estimate an average frequency of 14 beats per second and an amplitude of 23 cm:. By averaging all 6 values, we can estimate that an average European Swallow flies at cruising speed with a frequency of roughly 15 beats per second, and an amplitude of roughly 22 cm. For a European Swallow flying with our estimated wingbeat amplitude of 22 cm, the predicted pattern of cruising flight ranges from a Strouhal number St of 0.
Airspeed can also be predicted using a published formula. By inverting this midpoint Strouhal ratio of 0.
Taylor et al. With some further study, it became clear that these estimates are accurate, though perhaps coincidental. An actual study of two European Swallows flying in a low-turbulence wind tunnel in Lund, Sweden, shows that swallows flap their wings much slower than my estimate, at only 7—9 beats per second:.
Although a definitive answer would of course require further measurements, published species-wide averages of wing length and body mass, initial Strouhal estimates based on those averages and cross-species comparisons, the Lund wind tunnel study of birds flying at a range of speeds, and revised Strouhal numbers based on that study all lead me to estimate that the average cruising airspeed velocity of an unladen European Swallow is roughly 11 meters per second , or 24 miles an hour.
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